Hydraulic plant and vessel or reservoir for containing water.



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No. 740,808. I

UNiTED STAT-Es I atented October 6, 1903.

PATENTiD OFFICE.

CARLO CODA, VOF PISA, ITALY.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No.' 740,808, dated October 6, 1903.

Application tied April 27,1903.

' draulic Plants and Vessels or Reservoirs for Containing Water, of which thefollowing is a specification. y

Among the objects of this invention is the prevention of freezing of the water-supply even in cold .climates and the reduction of the chances of contamination thereof, while still maintaining at any desired point large volumes of water normally under pressure and suitable for various purposes-such as for the supply of locomotives, for use in industrial establishments and generally where powerful jets are from time to time'required, as in the case of dre-hydrants, for fountains, or for other purposes--and is also a very simple way fordistributing in houses the water of the cisterns collected from the roofs by means of air and water tight tubes and cisferns.

According to this invention the plant consists of a hermetically-closed reservoir of metal or masonry, which may be reinforced, if required, and which may be situated either above or belowground, as may be desired, and in the former case and for use in cold climates it may have a surrounding airjacket, through which warmed air may be passed, the reservoir being also provided with inlet and vdischarge pipes and preferably also with a manhole.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in sectional elevation a hydraulic 4 plant according to this invention with the reservoir above, and Fig. 2 an elevation when the reservoir is below ground.

In Fig. l the air 4required for the equilibrium and distribution of the water from C instead of being drawn direct fromthe atmosphere is taken from a place that is artificiallyv heated or naturally temperate, as is the case in wells, tanks, 0r subterranean cavities, the temperature of which remains constant and in accord with the mean annual temperature of the locality.

A communication-pipe A, passing through the mass of water in reservoir C and project- Serial No. 154,516. (No modali? 'ter is received from the main reservoir and through which it is discharged to the distributing nozzles or hydrants.

, E E are openings for the passage of air from the upper part B of reservoir C into the airspace F, surrounding the reservoir C, a further opening or passage leading fromthis airspace into the chamber H, which may be heated, if desired. A manhole I is provided for inspecting the reservoir C, and a grating L may be fixed to the pipe D to prevent foreign substances from entering therein. Where possible, it is convenient on the score of economy in cost and space to construct the reservoirs entirely underground, as shown in Fig. 2, and this will in cold climates more effectually protect the water from freezing during the winter. In said figure, a is the pipe through which water is supplied from the ,mains under pressure into a longitudinalreservoirf, in which the air is compressed by the incoming Water. c is the distributingpipe, delivering. the Water under pressure to such points as d e. For purposes of inspection a manhole h may be provided in the reservoir f.

In hermetically-closed reservoirs supplied by' water under pressure or by mechanical means the air is compressed to an extent corresponding with the yheight of the head of water or the capacity of the motor-pump supplying same. Such reservoirs4 are therefore in a position to deliver Water to a considerable height, dependent upon the amount of pressure to which the contained air has been subjected, as is well known.

It should be noted that, particularly inthe case of reservoirs supplied by Water under pressure, one cannot with the actual methods of installation utilize the whole of the power or the necessary amount to produce powerful jets .of water whether for supplying railwayengines in stations, forsluicingpurposes,flre hydrants, and other purposes in industrial establishments, Whereas this object can be IOO fully attained With the system of hermetically-closed reservoirs, which of course must be of sucient strength to withstand the pressure to which the air and the Water itself will be exposed.

In order to furnish powerful jets ofwater at the desired points, it is preferred to have the reservoirs situated near the distributing outlets or points of intended use, and a series of them may bein direct communication with each other and the main reservoirs, which latter also may (like the secondary reservoirs) be constructed below the ground-level.

What I claim isl. In a hydraulic plant, the combination of a reservoir, supply and delivery pipes for said reservoir, a casing forming an air-chamber surrounding said reservoir and communicating therewith, and an air-pipe passing nearly through said reservoir.

2. In a hydraulic plant, the combination of a reservoir, a casing surrounding said reser- Voir at a distance therefrom forming an airchamber around said reservoir, said reservoir being provided with openings communicating through said reservoir nearly to the top thereof, aud means for heating the air in said air-chamber, substantiallyT as described.

3. In a hydraulic plant, the combination of a reservoir, a casing surrounding said reservoir at a distance therefrom forming an airchamber around said reservoir, said reservoir being provided with openings communicating With said air-chamber, supply and delivery pipes for said reservoir, an air-pipe passing through said reservoir nearly to the top thereof, a heating-chamber underneath said reservoir, and passages through the Walls of said heating-chamber communicating With said air-chamber, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CARLO CODA.

Witnesses:

EMILIO MASI, ANTONIO MAINARDI. 

